Improvement in permutation locks



U/War E, PWE/fd Assignnr En F.H.NEIFU'IF )MPR DUE/WENT uv Patented Oct.31,1871.

No.1 20,396... X k-QQKS;

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giifw UNITED ST TEs PATENT OEEICE.

oLIvER E. PILLARD, or NEW BRITAIN, CoNNECTICUT, AssIeNoR T0 FRED- ERICKH. NORTH, OF sAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PERMUTATION LOCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 120,396, dated October31, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it know that I, OLIVER E. PILLARD, of New Britain, in the county ofHartford and State of Oonne cticnt, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Locks, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to a pin for setting the tumblers, and the key bywhich they are locked; and consists in the peculiar construction andcombination of the several parts, as hereinafter more fully described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lockembodying my improvement, in which the cap or plate is removed to bettershow the parts. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing the position of theparts when unlocked. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the key used forlocking the tumblers in said lock; Fig. 4, a front view of a portion ofthe cap; Fig. 5, a front view of the dial and shaft-knob; and Fig. 6, avertical section on line am, Fig. 1.

The invention, as shown, is intended to be secured immediately in frontof the end of the ordinary sliding bolt which secures a door in place,so that, in order to unlock the door, the end of the ordinary bolt E,Fig. 1, must slide into the lock-case F through an opening in the same.

A designates a set of permutation tumblers of the class known asfriction tumblers; but, for the purpose of the general combination, maybe of any other class. B is a lever or dog, which is hung on the base ofthe tumbler-stud and swings or moves with the tumblers. On the end ofthe lever B is a latch, O, the end of which latch engages with the deadtumbler or wheel D by falling into the notch a. An arm, b, Fig. 6,extends from the latch O transversely over the edge of the tumblers A,its position on the latch 0 being indicated in Figs. 1 and2 by brokenlines. After moving the tumblers A, as in ordinary permutation locks,until the notch r] of each tumbler is directly under the arm I), thedead-wheel D is rotated in the direction indicated by the dart in Fig.1, when the end of the latch G will fall into the notch a and the arm I)will fall into the notches d, and thus the further movement of the wheelD causes the lever B and tumblers A to move together into the positionshown in Fig. 2, when the end of the ordinary bolt E can pass into thelock-ease F and allow the door to be unlocked. By reversing the movementof the dead-wheel D the parts are again thrown into their formerposition. In the backward movement of the wheel D the bevel on the sideof the notch a has a tendency to throw the latch C out of said notch,but the projection e on the case F prevents the latch from disengagingwith the wheel D until the lever is thrown up into its proper position,as shown in Fig. 1. On the side of the case F is secured a pin, a, whichextends transversely over the edge of all but one of the tumblers A andnearly or quite reaching the plane of that one. This pin a is placeddirectly opposite the index-mark m, Fig. 5, by which mark thecombination is set in the usual manner. The index-mark m is directlyopposite the arm b, and, therefore, to operate the tumblers the numberor numbers on the dial by which the lock is set are brought to the markon. In case any mistake is made in setting the tumblers A, the cap orplate is removed and the notch 61 in each tumbler brought central underthe pin a, when the tumblers are again set on any combin ation or numberdesired. By referring E9 Fig. 6 it will be seen that the pin it extendsso far over the edge of the tumblers that the notch in any of thetumblers, either front or rear, may be readily set thereby. o designatesthe key-hole of the tumblers, in which the loekin g device is thatpatented to myself January 28,1868; but, so far as the following deviceis concerned, the lock for the tumblers may be of any other kind whichis operated by turning a key passed through the same. K, Fig. 3, is thekey for locking the tumblers A, the shaft P of which key must correspondin shape to the key-hole 0 and be long enough to reach through all ofthe tumblers A. Above the square part of the shaft P the corners areremoved so as to leave a round neck, 9*, and immediately above the neckis a pin or bit, 8. The plate or cap L of the lock, Fig. 4, is providedwith a key-hole, t, of a size to admit the shaftP and its bit 8. Infront of or under the key-hole t is a bridge, a, the outlines of whichare indicated by broken lines, Fig. 4. The said bridge is at a distancefrom the plate L a little more than equal to the thickness of the bit 8,(see Fig. 6,) so that the bit may pass between the bridge and the plate.The outlines of the studs or supports for the bridge a are indicated bythe dotted lines in Fig. 4. The bridge a is provided with a keyhole, 0,of the same form and size as'the key-hole o in the tumblers A. To unlockthe trunblers A they are brought with their key-holes 0 directly underthe hole 0 in the bridge u, when the keyshaft P is inserted thereinuntil the bit 8 comes in contact with the bridge at, when the round neck1" will be in the holeo of the bridge a, which will allow the shaft P tobe turned a half turn,

when the bit 8 strikes the support of the bridge it is entirelywithdrawn. Thus by no possibility,

when the cap L is in place, can a part of the tumblers Aless than thewhole be unlocked or locked.

I claim as my invention 1. Theipin 'n, extending from the case Ftransversely over the edge of the tumblers A to the plane of the outsidetumbler, in. combination with the index-marks m m and dial G,substantially as described.

2. The key K, provided with shaft P and round neck 4, in combinationwith the bridge a, substantially as described, whereby the'whole of theset of tumblers A is necessarily unlocked and locked simultaneously witheach other.

OLIVER E. PILLARD.

W'itnesses:

HORACE K. JoNEs, JAMES SHEPARD. (93)

